Right Form of Verbs

USE OF THE RIGHT FORM OF THE VERBS

1.   Subject যদি 3^rd person ও Singular number হয় এবং Verb যদি Present Indefinite Tense- এ থাকে তাহলে Verb এর শেষে s বা es যোগ করতে হয়। যেমনঃ-

The boy (play) Football.     

Ans. The boy plays football.

2.  Universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য), habitual fact (অভ্যাসগত কর্ম)বুঝালে Present Indefinite Tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

The sun (rise) in the east. 

Ans. The sun rises in the east.  

Ice (float) on water.

Ans. Ice floats on water. 

3. কোন সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকে না এমন Sentence- এ যদি always, regularly, sometimes, often, generally, daily, everyday, occasionally, usually, normally ইত্যাদি থাকে তবে  Present Indefinite Tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

A good boy (prepare) his lessons regularly. 

Ans. A good boy prepares his lessons regularly. 

He always (disturb) the class.  

Ans. He always disturbs the class.

When Mr. Tarek (take) his food normally?

Ans.  When does Mr. Tarek take his food normally?

4.  Be verb বিহীন বাক্যকে Negative বা Interrogative করতে হলে Tense ও Subject অনুসারে do, does বা did ব্যবহার করতে হয়।যেমনঃ-

The girl not (sing) a song.

 Ans. The girl does not sing a song.

He (come) home yesterday?

Ans. Did he come home yesterday?

5. Interrogative Sentence- এ যদি what, when, where, who, which, whose, why, how থাকে তাহলে Subject এর পূর্বে Tense ও person অনুযায়ী to be verb যোগ করতে হয়।যেমনঃ-

What you (want)?

Ans. What do you want?

6. কোন বাক্যে now, at this moment উল্লেখ থাকলে Present Continuous Tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

He (sing) a song now.

Ans. He is singing a song now.

They ( watch) TV. at this moment.

Ans. They are watching TV. at this moment.

7.  কোন Sentence- এ যদি have, has/had  থাকে তাহলে verb এর past participle  হয়।যেমনঃ-

He has (do) the work. 

Ans.  He has done the work. 

8.  কোন Sentence- এ যদি just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately, recently থাকে তাহলে Present perfect Tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

I (see) him recently.

Ans. I have seen him recently.

He (go) out just now.

Ans. He has gone out just now.

9. অতীত নির্দেশক শব্দ বা phrase যেমন (yesterday, ago, long since, last night ইত্যাদি)থাকলে verb এর past form হয়।যেমনঃ-

I (come) home yesterday. 

Ans.  I came home yesterday. 

He (leave) home last night.

Ans. He left home last night. 

10. No Sooner had-----than, scarcely had when, hardly had before থাকলে ১ম ব্রাকেটের verb কে past participle  করতে হয় এবং ২য় ব্রাকেটের verb কে past form করতে হয়। যেমনঃ-

No Sooner had he (see) the police than he (run) away.

Ans.  No Sooner had he seen the police than he ran away.

11.  Since এর ১ম অংশ Present Indefinite /Present perfect Tense হলে পরের অংশ Past Indefinite tense হয়। যেমনঃ-

It is many years since I (come) to Dhaka.

Ans. It is many years since I came to Dhaka.

12.  Since এর ১ম অংশ Past Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Past Perfect tense হয়। যেমনঃ-

It was long since I (see) her last. 

Ans. It was long since I had seen her last. 

13.  Before এর ১ম অংশ Past Perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ Past Indefinite tense হয়।আর after  এর ১ম অংশ Past Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Past Perfect tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

The patient (die) before the doctor came. 

Ans. The patient had died before the doctor came. 

The patient died after the doctor ( come). 

Ans.  The patient died after the doctor had come.

14.  যদি কোন  Simple Sentence- এ দুটি verb থাকে তাহলে ব্রাকেটের verb এর সাথে ing যোগ করতে হয় অথবা verb টির পূর্বে to বসাতে হয়।উল্লেখ্য, উদ্দেশ্য অর্থ বুঝাতে ব্রাকেটের verb এর পূর্বে to বসাতে হয়।যেমনঃ-   

I saw him (go). 

Ans.  I saw him going.

I don’t want (leave) this place. 

Ans. I don’t want to leave this place.

15.  Had better, had rather, would better, would rather, let, must, need, dare ইত্যাদির পর প্রদত্ত verb এর Present form হয় এবং প্রদত্ত verb এর পূর্বে to থাকলে উক্ত to উঠে যায়।যেমনঃ-

 You had better (to go) home.

Ans. You had better go home.

16.  Sentence এর শুরুতে would that থাকলে Subject এর পরে could বসে এবং প্রদত্ত verb এর present form বসে। যেমনঃ-

Would that I (go) to college. 

Ans. Would that I could go to college. 

17.  to এবং having এর পর মূল verb এর past participle হয়।যেমনঃ-

The principal desired the notice to be (hang).

 Ans.  The principal desired the notice to be hung.

18.  প্রদত্ত verb এর পূর্বে mind, worth, without, past,  cannot help, could not help, with a view to, look forward to, would you mind, get used to এবং preposition  থাকলে ব্রাকেটের verb এর সাথে ing যোগ করতে হয়।যেমনঃ-

We cannot help (laugh).

Ans. We cannot help laughing.

I went to the library with a view to (read) there.

Ans. I went to the library with a view to reading there.

19.  It is high time, it is time, wish, fancy ইত্যাদি থাকলে ব্রাকেটের verb এর  past form হয়।যেমনঃ-

It is high time we (to go) there.

Ans. It is high time we went there.

I wish I (sing) a song.

Ans. I wish I sang a song.

20.  As though, as if, wish থাকলে ব্রাকেটের  to be এর জায়গায় were বসে।যেমনঃ-

I wish I (to be) a poet. 

Ans. I wish I were a poet.

I wish I (to be) a king.

Ans. I wish I were a king.

He talks as if he (to be) leader.

Ans. He talks as if he were leader.

21.  As though, as if প্রথম অংশ Present Indefinite এর হলে পরের অংশ Past Indefinite tense হয়। আবার প্রথম অংশ Past Indefinite tense এর হলে পরের অংশ Past Perfect tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

She talks as if she (know) everything. 

Ans. She talks as if she knew everything. 

22.  Every, each, one of থাকলে প্রদত্ত verb এর singular হয়।যেমনঃ-

One of the boys (to be) clever.

Ans. One of the boys is clever.

Everybody (love) flowers.

Ans. Everybody loves flowers.

23.  Can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would ইত্যাদি auxiliary verb হিসাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে মূল verb টি present tense হবে। যেমনঃ-

You may (come) tomorrow.

Ans. You may come tomorrow.

I can (do) the work.

Ans. I can do the work.

One should (take) care of one’s health.  

Ans.  One should take care of one’s health.

24.  am, is, are, was, were ইত্যদি ‘‘to be’’ verb এর পর passive voice এর ক্ষেত্রে ব্রাকেটের verb এর past participle  হয়।যেমনঃ-

The book was (steal).

 Ans. The book was stolen.

25.  If + Present Indefinite Tense +  Future Indefinite Tense

If he works hard, he (shine) in life.

Ans. If he works hard, he will shine in life.

26.  If  +Past Indefinite tense + Past Conditional (Subject + would/could/might+  মূল Verb  এর Present form.)

If he came, I (go).  যেমনঃ-

Ans.  If he came, I would go.

27.  If + Past perfect tense + Perfect Conditional (Subject + would have/could have/might have+ মূল Verb  এর Past participle form).যেমনঃ-

If I had seen him, I (tell) him the matter. 

Ans.  If I had seen him, I might have told him the matter.

28.  Had + Subject + Past Participle + Perfect Conditional (Subject + would have/could have/might have+ মূল Verb  এর Past participle form).যেমনঃ-

Had I been a king, I (help) the poor.

Ans. Had I been a king, I would have helped the poor.

29.  If + Subject + were  থাকলে পরের অংশ (Subject + would/could/might+  মূল Verb  এর Present form.) যেমনঃ-

If I were a bird, I (fly).

Ans. If I were a bird, I would fly.

If I were a king, I (help) the poor.

Ans. If I were a king, I would help the poor.

30.  কোন কাজ পূর্বে শুরু হয়ে এখনও বর্তমানে চলতেছে বুঝালে verb এর Present Continuous tense হয়। যেমনঃ-

I (read) for three hours.

Ans. I have been reading for three hours.

It (rain) since morning. 

Ans.  It has been raining since morning. 

31.  Have, has, had, got ইত্যাদি verb গুলি যখন কোন Sentence এর মধ্যে Causntive verb এর কাজ করে তখন ব্রাকেটের Verb টির Past participle হয়।যেমনঃ- 

I got the work (do) by him.

Ans. I got the work done by him.

32.  Lest যুক্ত Sentence এ lest এর পরে যে subject থাকে তার পরে should/might বসে।যেমনঃ-

Walk fast lest he (miss) the train. 

Ans. Walk fast lest he should miss the train.

33.  While এর ঠিক পরেই ব্রাকেটের মধ্যে যে verb থাকে তার সাথে ing যোগ হয়। কিন্ত  While এর পরে subject থাকলে While এর অংশটি Past Continuous tense হয়।যেমনঃ-

While (walk) in the garden, a snake bit him.

Ans. While walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

While he (walk) in the garden, a snake bit him.  

Ans. While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

34.  কোন  Sentence এর verb তার subject এর number এবং person অনুযায়ী ব্যবহৃত হয় অর্থাৎ subject singular হলে verb singular হয় এবং Subject plural হলে verb plural হয়। যেমনঃ-

The color of his eyes (be) blue.

 Ans. The color of his eyes is blue.

35.  একই দৈর্ঘ, পরিমাণ বা স্থান বুঝালে subject দেখতে plural হলেও verb singular হয়।যেমনঃ-

Ten miles (to be) a long distance.

Ans. Ten miles is a long distance.

36.  কোন  Sentence- এ যদি there দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং তার পর যদি singular number থাকে তাহলে there এর পরে singular verb বসে। আর plural number থাকলে there এর পর plural verb বসে।যেমনঃ-

There (be) a high school in our village.

Ans. There is a high school in our village.

There (be) two high schools in our village.

Ans. There are two high schools in our village.

Re-write the following sentences using right form of verbs

1.      It------(to rain) since morning.                         

2.      The baby -----(to cry) all the time.                   

3.      The boy -----(to finish) the work just now.      

4.      One of the boys -----(to be) clever.                    

5.      He -----(to come) home yesterday.                     

6.      Ten miles ----(to be) a long distance.               

7.      He -----(to make) noise now.                           

8.      The sky -----(be) blue.                                       

9.      We cannot help-------(laugh).                            

10.  By ----(give) food, he helped me.

11.  We ----(read) in this Oxford International school since 2016.

12.  My brother ------(visit) the Zoo last year.

13.  What you----(want)?

14.  The poor not -----(eat) properly.

15.  He ----(to arrive) just now.

16.  An honest man never ----(to tell) a lie.

17.  He ----(to read) the book for an hour.

18.  Farid ----(to post) the letter last week.

19.  The man ------(to die) by accident.

20.  The children ----(to play) now in the garden.

21.  The sun -----(to rise) in the east.

22.  Hera -----(to sing) a song before you came.

23.  One of the boys -----(to be) absent from the class.

24.  I wish I ----(be) a child again.

25.  The boy -----(to finish) the work before I left the place.

26.  I heard her (to sing) a sweet song.

27.  The patient (to die) before the doctor came.

28.  I wish I (to be) a poet.

29.  If I had much money, I (to help) the poor.

30.  It is time you (to go) to school.

31.  I saw the boy (to play).

32.  If I (be) a child again.

33.  She (to go) now.

34.  Mr. Alam (to build) a house next year.

             Md Lokman Hossain

   B.A.(Hon’s) M.A. in English (JU)